Spring Boot exposes the endpoint “/actuator/heapdump” to collect debug information. By default, the endpoint will return a file heapdump.hprof, which includes a binary heapdump that can be used to analyze the current state of the application. Non-Java readers may be familiar with a similar concept, core dumps, which are produced by binaries to expose a memory image at the time the software crashes. “heapdumps” are the Java analog to “core-dumps”. The heapdump often includes secrets used by the application to connect to backend systems. API keys, database passwords, and other sensitive data may be exposed in the heapdump.
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Article Link: Java Spring Boot "heapdump" scans - SANS Internet Storm Center