Some interesting facts about reverse-engineering of x86 microcode, from a research by Ruhr University Bochum

Malware Analysis
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Micro­code is an ab­strac­tion layer on top of the phy­si­cal com­po­n­ents of a CPU and is pre­sent in most CPUs. It fa­ci­li­ta­te com­plex in­struc­tion sets, but it also pro­vi­des an up­date me­cha­nism that al­lows CPUs to be patched in-place wi­thout re­qui­ring any spe­cial hard­ware. Currently very litt­le is known about …

Article Link: https://andreafortuna.org/cybersecurity/some-interesting-facts-about-reverse-engineering-of-x86-microcode-from-a-research-of-ruhr-university-bochum/